What is pre-eclampsia characterized by?

Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy complication that is primarily characterized by high blood pressure, along with signs of damage to other organ systems, most commonly the liver and kidneys. The condition usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy and can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby if not monitored or treated properly.

In the context of this question, high blood pressure is a key indication of pre-eclampsia because it can disrupt normal blood flow to vital organs and the placenta, potentially impacting fetal health and increasing the risk of complications. It’s crucial for healthcare providers to monitor blood pressure levels in pregnant individuals to identify signs of pre-eclampsia early.

The other options do not capture the essence of pre-eclampsia. While fluid retention can occur in pre-eclampsia and may accompany high blood pressure, it is not unique or diagnostic for the condition. Low blood sugar is unrelated to pre-eclampsia and tends to indicate other metabolic issues. Excessive bleeding typically suggests complications associated with childbirth, such as placenta previa or placental abruption, and is not a characteristic of pre-eclampsia. Understanding these distinctions is critical for recognizing and managing pre-eclampsia effectively.